Which of the following controls both insects and vertebrates?

Repellents are designed to deter both insects and vertebrate pests from approaching or damaging plants, habitats, or stored products. They function by making an area unattractive or inaccessible to these pests without necessarily killing them. This dual functionality is why repellents can effectively manage a variety of pests, including insects such as mosquitoes or ticks and vertebrates like deer or rodents.

In contrast, pheromones are chemical signals used primarily in pest management for attracting or repelling specific insects, rather than controlling vertebrates. Molluscicides target only mollusks like snails and slugs, and herbicides are formulated to kill unwanted plants and weeds without having an impact on insects or vertebrate pests. Thus, repellents are the most suitable choice for controlling both insects and vertebrates.