What can be done to minimize pesticide runoff?

Creating buffer zones and avoiding pesticide applications before rainfall are effective strategies to minimize pesticide runoff. Buffer zones serve as protective areas that can absorb or filter excess pesticides before they reach water bodies, soil, or sensitive ecosystems. By establishing these zones—such as planting vegetation or leaving areas free of pesticide application—it's possible to significantly reduce the amount of chemicals that enter waterways.

Additionally, avoiding applications right before rain is crucial because rain can wash away pesticides that have not had enough time to adhere to the target surfaces. Applying pesticides in dry conditions allows for better absorption and effectiveness, while also reducing the likelihood of runoff into non-target areas. This approach not only protects the environment but can also enhance the efficacy of the pesticide applied.

The other options would not effectively minimize runoff. For example, increasing the amount of pesticide used could lead to more runoff, while applying pesticides on windy days can cause drift, leading to widespread non-target exposure. Lastly, using only non-water soluble pesticides does not guarantee that they will be less likely to run off, as other factors like soil erosion and application timing can still play a significant role in runoff potential.